This allows for prediction and comprehension of recombination frequencies between two genes located in the same chromosomal arm.īecause female fruit flies often mate with more than one male during mating sessions, virgin fruit flies are necessary for scientific study. The chromosomal localities of individual genes are identified either by recombination units or numerical locations on each of these arms. Each chromosome has two arms, referred to as the left and the right. It has four chromosomal pairs: one that determines sex and three autosomal chromosomes. The Drosophila melanogaster is the most well known of fruit flies. The chromosomes of fruit flies gave scientists their first glimpse of genetic variations between species and individuals. These bands match the locations of particular genes. When the chromosomes of a fruit fly are stained with chemicals, they reveal straight, dark bands along their length. Their chromosomes are large and undivided, allowing for easy observation. Their genetic makeup is also incredibly simple. Fruit fly populations are inexhaustible, simple to breed and are not costly subjects. In the year 1930, fruit flies had already been recognized as indispensable to genetic study and research and they remain so today.
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